A critical review on classification of Dravya and its importance in Ayurveda

Abstract

In Ayurveda, Dravya (substance) serves as the fundamental substratum for all therapeutic interventions. This article reviews the systematic classification of Dravya as presented in classical texts and its pivotal role in the science of Dravyaguna Vijnana. By categorizing substances based on their origin, composition, and pharmacological action, Ayurveda provides a structured framework for the judicial use of medicines (Aushadha) and diet (Ahara),. The review highlights how these classifications enable a physician to achieve precise clinical outcomes by understanding the inherent properties (Guna) and actions (Karma) of a substance.